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Benjamin Bristow, the Secretary of the Treasury at the time, had no idea this was going on.

The Whiskey Ring was paying some officials a regular salary to keep them from talking. MacDonald kept some of the money while some of it went to the Republican Party. government out of millions of dollars a year. In return for bribes, whisky distillers paid taxes only on a small portion of the whiskey they produced. Grant had appointed an army friend John MacDonald as an Internal Revenue Service supervisor for the St. The Whiskey Ring was the largest scandal and involved widespread fraud. Grant's Secretary of the Treasury had to resign after being caught in a fraud scheme involving taxpayer kickbacks. They started a number of congregational investigations. Mid-term, the Democrats won a majority of votes in the House. Republicans were getting a bad reputation in the press. The press attacked him for it calling it a money grab. Also in 1873, Grant signed a bill that gave himself and congressmen a pay raise. The bribes had taken place before Grant was president, but the news came out during his presidency making it seem even more corrupt. They had collected large bribes to give large federal grants to the railroads. In 1873, Republicans in Congress were caught in a bribery scandal by newspapers. Very soon into Grant's second term the Panic of 1873 started a depression in the United States that spread to Europe.

Greeley wanted Civil Service reform and amnesty for all former Confederates. In 1872, Republican reformers split the party and nominated Horace Greeley to be president. Grant supported the right of Black men to vote because of this, but also because he thought it was right. In his election, he won about 500,000 votes from African Americans, while the majority of white voters supported the Democratic candidate, who was called Horatio Seymour. He was also the first elected because of African American voters, who could vote then, although there was a big fight about it, which ended with many Black voters losing the right to vote. Grant was the youngest president, only 46 years old, and the first to have both his parents attend his inauguration. Even though he was a respected general and supported civil rights for African Americans, historians criticize his presidency because he appointed his friends into high political positions and tolerated their corruption (even though Grant himself was innocent). The Republicans were then the strongest party. Since he was able to do well fighting in the American Civil War, he gained popularity which helped him to become the candidate for president of the Republican party. He became the top general in the Union Army from 1864 to 1865, and fought several battles against Robert E. He served as head of the Army of Tennessee and won victories at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Chattanooga. He fought in the Mexican War and became a general at the start of the American Civil War. Pre-presidency īefore becoming the president, Grant was an officer in the Union Army (North). If "Hiram Ulysses Grant" wanted to attend West Point, he would have to change his name. He was told that it didn't matter what he or his parents thought his name was, the official government application said his name was "Ulysses S." and that application could not be changed. When Grant arrived at West Point and discovered that the academy had him registered under the wrong name as "Ulysses S. When he graduated, he was placed in the infantry. He was not the best student though he was good at math. In 1839 he was appointed to the United States Military Academy at West Point. In 1838 he attended the Presbyterian Academy in Ripley, Ohio. Young Grant worked for his father in the tannery but hated the work. It was hard work, but he made a good living off of it. He was the oldest of six children born to Jesse and Hannah Grant. Hiram Ulysses Grant was born on April 27, 1822, in Point Pleasant, Ohio. He later became the 18th president of the United States (1869-1877). Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant Ap– July 23, 1885) was an American general who helped the Union Army of the United States win the American Civil War.